California Constitution Article IV, Section 5(a)(1) specifies: “Each house of the Legislature shall judge the qualifications and elections of its Members and, by rollcall vote entered in the journal, two-thirds of the membership concurring, may expel a Member.” The courts...
By Ray LeBov and Chris Micheli There are individuals intrigued by a career in legislative and regulatory advocacy, often called lobbying. In an effort to address people’s interest in learning about a lobbying career, they can take two half-day courses...
AB 51 makes it a crime for businesses to exercise their federally protected rights The U.S. and California Chambers of Commerce, along with several other business trade groups, filed a lawsuit against State of California officials to overturn the...
What is a “constitutional amendment”? Although California’s Constitution provides for the amendment of this document, the constitution does not define this term. A traditional definition of a constitutional amendment is a modification to an existing constitution. California’s Legislative Counsel defines...
What is a “resolution”? Although resolutions and concurrent resolutions are mentioned several times in Article IV of the California Constitution, neither term is defined in that document. There also is not a definition for either term in the Government Code....
What is a “bill”? Although the term “bill” is mentioned more than two dozen times in the California Constitution, the word is actually not defined in this document. It is also not defined in the California Government Code. A traditional...
California’s Constitution, in Article 4, Section 7, deals primarily with the proceedings of the houses and committees of the Legislature. In Section 7(c). “the proceedings of each house and the committees thereof shall be open and public.” Moreover, “the right...