Why Are Schools Named for Cesar Chavez Overwhelmingly Failing to Meet California Academic Benchmarks

In just a few days our nation will, once again, honor the legacy of Cesar Chavez, co-founder of the United Farmworkers of America. March 31 is a state holiday in California and state offices will be shuttered–some as early as March 25th.  Across the nation, but particularly here in California, tributes will be paid to the man who taught us to organize – a man who was willing to go to jail with the belief that si se puede: yes, it can be done!

In his honor, state, and local governmental offices are closed on this day. Across the nation, we can see the tributes that have been paid to Chavez. Not only do some states celebrate an official holiday on his birthday, but boulevards, parks and libraries have been named in his honor. Schoolchildren read about his life and legacy. While most schools will remain open, students will participate in “service days”, undertaking projects honoring Chavez and the farmworkers who bring food to our tables under the harshest conditions.  

His national influence is further observed via the many statues of him which have been erected and his portrait hangs in colleges and universities. I was gifted a beautiful painting of him by California prison inmates in a rehabilitation program (his message of non-violence inspired them to become better men) which hangs on my office wall. A postage stamp with his image is in circulation.  Even a bowling alley in Amarillo, Texas bears his name. 

The U.S. Navy, where Chavez served, commissioned a ship in his name. President Bill Clinton awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously, and President Obama proclaimed the national headquarters of the UFW in La Paz as a national monument.

So many honors for a man with only an eighth-grade education, yet who inspired us that even the humblest have power and influence and the fortitude to overcome life’s greatest challenges and roadblocks. I had the honor of joining tens of thousands of mourners who accompanied this brave man to his final resting place in California’s breadbasket to the world when his life’s work suddenly ended.

We continue to name schools in tribute to Cesar Chavez. According to a perusal of learning performance outcomes of all California schools, there are some 45 schools named for Cesar Chavez. Yet, overwhelmingly, schools named for Cesar Chavez fail to meet the academic benchmarks established by the state for English and Math proficiency. Sadly, this is not the first year I have written a column on the state of Chavez-inspired and named schools in California to point out the hypocrisy of state officials and education bureaucrats in remaining oblivious to the shameful learning outcomes of students enrolled in these schools. The pomp and circumstance of a “celebrity” school goes on each Cesar Chavez holiday, even while the fates of their own pupils remain ignored. 

  It’s been:

• almost seventy years since the most powerful Supreme Court decision on education: Brown v. Board of Education’s sweeping end to racial segregation.

• decades since Mendez v. Westminster when in 1946, eight years before the landmark Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education, Mexican Americans in Orange County, California won a class action lawsuit to dismantle the segregated school system and poor learning conditions that existed there.

• some forty years since release of the landmark, “A Nation at Risk,” from the National Commission on Excellence in Education. Intended as a wakeup call, the report declared that “the educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising tide of mediocrity that threatens our very future as a nation and a people.” 

In education, we have failed dismally to realize his dream for Latino children in the Golden State.  Almost every year I have penned opinion pieces showcasing the continued disparities of educational opportunity and attainment for both African American and Latino students—particularly when we celebrate holidays for Dr. King and Cesar Chavez.  The hypocrisy is outrageous. Each year, my annual columns reveal how little the needle has moved in lifting the educational outcomes for students enrolled in schools named for an American icon and hero.

Consider these California Department of Education facts:

• Overall, the numbers of Latino students enrolled in California’s public education system is 56 % of the state’s 5,892,240 million students.
• Only 36 % met or exceeded state adopted proficiency in English Language Arts (reading, writing, etc.); only 21% in Math.   

Clearly, Governor Newsom, Superintendent of Public Instruction Tony Thurmond and the Democratic-controlled California Legislature (many of whom participate in ceremonies and parades and proclaim que Viva Chavez on this holiday) have failed California’s Latino students.  

Undoubtedly, every school should excel. But naming a school for a national hero should bear an even greater expectation that all who enter that school should excel.

For example, the Cesar Chavez Intermediate School in Sacramento—within the shadow of the State Capitol where education policy is debated and decided—only 32.43% of their students meet or exceed English Language Arts (reading, writing) standards proficiency.  Only 29.3% met or exceeded Math proficiency standards. 

From north to south, schools named for Cesar Chavez post similar dismal learning outcomes: In Los Angeles County, the Lynwood Cesar Chavez Middle school reveals only 26.68% of students meet or exceed reading standards, while only 13.33% reach Math standards.  

The Chavez Elementary school in San Diego Unified shows that only 25.82% of its students are proficient in reading; only 13.49% proficient in Math. As dismal as these numbers are, these results show even further declines in both categories from the prior year’s testing outcomes.

Not to be outdone in dismal findings, the Chavez Elementary school in San Francisco Unified shows that a mere 11.7% of its students are proficient in reading; only 9.18% proficient in Math. Ironically, these outcomes are actually gains from the prior year’s testing, making one wonder how low these scores go.

Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) boasts five schools named for Chavez.  Their outcomes differ dramatically, and the district should scrutinize these disparate impacts on learning outcomes of their own students to ensure a more equitable playing field.  For example, only 7.81% of students at the Cesar Chavez Learning Academies-Technology Preparatory Academy score proficient in Math.  Only 7.81%! Yet, this is a school with a fancy name highlighting technology!  How are students supposed to do technology when over 90% of their students aren’t performing math at grade level?  Sadly, the highest score at a Chavez LAUSD school is 24.64% Math proficiency at the Cesar E. Chavez Learning Academy-Arts/Theatre/Entertainment Magnet.  

Reading scores in LAUSD Chavez schools are more variable, ranging from only 24.55% proficiency at the same Cesar Chavez Elementary school to a high of 61.76% at the Chavez Magnet School.  While many will still lament that only 61.76% are at grade proficiency level, it does reflect one of the better scores in the state.  District officials should examine what is happening at these two schools to account for such grade fluctuations. Yet, decade after decade, outcomes are typically ignored.

Certainly, a couple of standouts exist.  For example, the Cesar Chavez Elementary school in Davis proclaims that 73.93% of its students meet or exceed proficiency in English and 77.7% do so in Math.  Overall, however, those are the exceptions rather than the rule.  In Bakersfield, its Cesar E. Chavez Elementary school shows that 62.93% of its students reach or exceed proficiency in Reading while 53.4% do so in Math. 

Quite frankly, schools named for heroes—Cesar Chavez, specifically—have been ceremoniously named but quickly left to languish.

Where is there any sense of urgency or leadership in turning around languishing schools named for heroes?  And make no mistake:  these dismal learning outcomes cannot just be blamed on COVID and prolonged school closures.  A reading of my columns over the years I have written these clearly demonstrate that these are chronic failures:  year after year, decade after decade, generation after generation. And the silence from Governor Newsom, the state Legislature, and district officials to speak out and turn these learning conditions and outcomes around is deafening and shameful.

Children named in schools for an American icon and hero are left to languish. Like fruit left to rot in the field.

We can no longer simply attend feel-good ceremonial events on a holiday and then allow our children to return to schools named for a national hero while we simply allow educational failure and persistent academic failure to continue. Any school named for Cesar Chavez needs to become truly worthy of bearing his name. 

Public education—which consumes almost 50% of the entire California state budget and has done for years—needs not only change, but a complete overhaul.  Tinkering with budget formulas is not sufficient.  Bowing to the most powerful political interest in California—the California Teachers Association—can no longer be stomached. Handing out gratuitous pay raises to workers on strike while doing nothing to turnaround too many of the contracts that perpetuate and cover up dismal conditions for kids in too many California schools will never overcome these severe educational shackles.  

Across the nation, parents are mobilizing for school choice and to truly be the architects of our children’s educational futures. Why not California? Why not start with the very schools named for heroes?  In a presidential election year, both Joe Biden and Donald Trump are crisscrossing the nation vying for the Latino vote which could be the balance of power in 2024. This is the time to break the chains of a cycle of education failure we have witnessed in California by embracing school choice and Opportunity Scholarships which will lead to education—finally–becoming a true key unlocking the American Dream.  Parents—fighting both for their own rights as parents have a unique opportunity to demand accountability from the districts who spend our money only to render failure in learning year after year.

Cesar Chavez, whom I had the honor to know, inspired us to act – to change our nation for the betterment of all. This year let’s stop the parades and banquets and all the lip service we have paid to Cesar Chavez to focus on the tragedy of what has happened to our students—predominantly Latino–in the very schools named to honor him.  

To honor Chavez, let’s have the courage to take on vested status quo interests who prioritize our schools serving as a public works program rather than a public education system.  Certainly, si se puede! 

From the California Department of Education website

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